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  • Letter

Enhancing density-functional theory for static correlation in large molecules

Daniel Gibney, Jan-Niklas Boyn, and David A. Mazziotti*

  • Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA

  • *Contact author: damazz@uchicago.edu

Phys. Rev. A 110, L040802 – Published 10 October, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.L040802

Abstract

A critical challenge for density-functional theory (DFT) in practice is its limited ability to treat static electron correlation, leading to errors in its prediction of charges, multiradicals, and reaction barriers. Recently, we combined one- and two-electron reduced density-matrix theories with DFT to obtain a universal O(N3) generalization of DFT for static correlation. In this Letter, we enhance the theory's treatment of large molecules by renormalizing the trace of the two-electron identity matrix in the correction using Cauchy-Schwarz inequalities of the electron-electron repulsion matrix. We apply the resulting functional theory to linear hydrogen chains as well as the prediction of the singlet-triplet gap and equilibrium geometries of a series of acenes. This renormalization of the generalized DFT retains the O(N3) computational scaling of DFT while enabling the accurate treatment of static correlation for a broad range of molecules and materials.

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