We investigate an ultracold mixture of Bose gases interacting via spin-changing collisions by studying the dynamics of spin fluctuations. The experimental implementation employs ${}^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ and ${}^7\mathrm{Li}$ atoms, which are prepared out of equilibrium across a wide range of initial conditions. We identify three regimes in the dynamics of the system for different initial states: a long-lived metastable regime, an instability range with strong growth of fluctuations, and a regime approaching thermal equilibrium. Theoretical modeling of the data allows us to reconstruct effective potentials which characterize the different dynamical regimes of the system.

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• Lattice gauge theory
• Mixtures of atomic and/or molecular quantum gases
• Nonequilibrium & irreversible thermodynamics
• Particle correlations & fluctuations
• Quantum field theory
• Quantum simulation
• Ultracold collisions