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Crystallization via cavity-assisted infinite-range interactions

Paolo Molignini1,2,*, Camille Lévêque3,4, Hans Keßler5, Dieter Jaksch1, R. Chitra6, and Axel U. J. Lode7

  • 1Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Roads, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
  • 2Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
  • 3Wolfgang Pauli Institute c/o Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Oskar-Morgenstern-Platz 1, 1090 Vienna, Austria
  • 4Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
  • 5Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien and Institut für Laser-Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
  • 6Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • 7Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwig University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany

  • *pm728@cam.ac.uk

Phys. Rev. A 106, L011701 – Published 13 July, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.106.L011701

Abstract

We study a one-dimensional array of bosons with infinite-range interactions mediated by a laser-driven dissipative optical cavity. The cavity-mediated infinite-range interactions open up an alternative pathway to crystallization, hitherto only known for dipolar bosons due to their long-range interactions. In parameter ranges attainable in state-of-the-art experiments, we systematically compare observables for bosons and fermions with infinite-range interactions. At sufficiently large laser pump powers, many observables, including density distributions in real and momentum space, correlation functions, eigenvalues of the one-body density matrix, and superradiance order parameters, become identical for bosons and fermions. We map out the emergence of this cavity-induced crystallization as a function of pump power and contact interactions. We discover that cavity-mediated interactions can compensate a reduction by several orders of magnitude in the strength of the contact interactions needed to trigger crystallization.

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