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    Single-photon routing induced by giant atoms in a synthetic frequency dimension

    Ruolin Chai1, Guoqing Cai1, Qiongtao Xie2,*, Huaizhi Wu3,†, and Yong Li1,‡

    • 1Center for Theoretical Physics & School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    • 2College of Physics and Electronic Engineering & Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
    • 3Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics & Department of Physics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China

    • *Contact author: xieqiongtao@hainnu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: huaizhi.wu@fzu.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: yongli@hainanu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 112, 033724 – Published 29 September, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/9ym6-xw81

    Abstract

    We propose a hardware-efficient single-photon routing scheme in a synthetic frequency dimension based on a dynamically modulated multimode ring resonator and a driven cyclic three-level superconducting circuit, which effectively models a two-level giant atom coupled to a pair of one-dimensional lattices in the synthetic frequency dimension. The routing dynamics of single-photon wave packets in the frequency dimension are investigated numerically and analytically. Our results show that by tuning the phase of the external field, the photon transmission between the two frequency lattices can be well controlled, thereby determining the propagation direction of photons within the ring resonator. This work presents a feasible scheme for implementing a controllable node in quantum networks, and the predictions of this scheme are well within reach of state-of-the-art experiments.

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