General perturbation theory for local quantum uncertainty and its formulation in the linear-response regime
Phys. Rev. A 114, 022468 – Published 27 August, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/9pz4-6v9q
Abstract
We develop a general perturbation theory for the local quantum uncertainty (LQU), a discord-type quantifier of nonclassicality based on the Wigner-Yanase skew information. Starting from a perturbed density matrix , we derive an explicit first-order expansion of using an integral representation based on the gamma function, and reduce the LQU optimization to the diagonalization of a matrix defined in terms of the generators of . The resulting framework is valid for composite systems of arbitrary dimension and provides a direct computational route to the LQU from the spectral decomposition of the unperturbed state . We further specialize the theory to the quantum linear-response regime, where the perturbation is generated by a time-dependent external field coupled to the system through an operator . In this regime, acquires an explicit dependence on the driving frequency , the eigenstates and occupation probabilities of the equilibrium Hamiltonian , and the matrix elements of , establishing a direct link between the LQU and the spectral and dynamical structure of the system. The formalism is applicable to a broad class of physical models, including quantum spin arrays with anisotropic and spin-orbit interactions, atoms coupled to cavity fields, and optomechanical systems. To illustrate the approach, we apply the theory to the isotropic Heisenberg model of two coupled spins subject to a local periodic magnetic field, deriving closed-form analytical expressions for the LQU as a function of temperature and frequency . Comparison with the concurrence shows that, above the entanglement critical temperature , the external perturbation induces a resonantly enhanced quantum discord without generating entanglement. This demonstrates that frequency acts as a tunable modulator of nonclassicality in the linear-response regime, an effect that is purely of quantum-discord type and a property inaccessible to entanglement-based quantifiers.