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    Structure of the Majorana Clifford group

    Valérie Bettaque* and Brian Swingle†

    • *Contact author: vbettaque@brandeis.edu
    • †Contact author: bswingle@brandeis.edu

    Phys. Rev. A 112, 022423 – Published 18 August, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/9gk9-yw3w

    Abstract

    In quantum information science, Clifford operators and stabilizer codes play a central role for systems of qubits (or qudits). In this paper, we study their analogs for systems composed of Majorana fermions. In this case, a crucial role is played by fermion parity symmetry, which is an unbreakable symmetry present in any system with fundamentally fermionic degrees of freedom. We prove that the subgroup of parity-preserving Majorana Cliffords can be represented by the orthogonal group over the binary field F2, and we show how it can be generated by braiding operators and used to construct any (even-parity) Majorana stabilizer code. We also analyze the frame potential for this so-called p-Clifford group when acting on a fixed-parity sector of the Hilbert space, proving that it is equivalent to the frame potential of the ordinary Clifford group acting on the same sector.

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