Characterizing superfluid fraction and topological property of supersolids via nonequilibrium dynamics
Phys. Rev. A 113, 023320 – Published 23 February, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/9ggw-l8mh
Abstract
Supersolids—exotic quantum states that combine superfluid flow with crystalline order—have recently been realized in quantum degenerate gases, yet a direct quantitative measurement of their superfluid fraction and understanding of their topological properties have remained elusive. In this work we show that the nonequilibrium dynamics of a spin-orbit coupled dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate under -symmetric driving and dissipation generates an oscillating current whose frequency exhibits a strong dependence on the superfluid fraction of the underlying supersolid. This dynamical response further reveals topological phase transitions between distinct supersolid phases characterized by their spin textures. Our findings establish a platform for exploring supersolids with topological properties and provide deep insight into their nonequilibrium behavior beyond conventional closed-system scenarios.
