Recently, there has been growing interest in the study of genuine nonlocality, which serves to explore the local accessibility of global information encoded in orthogonal multipartite quantum states under scenarios where not all subsystems are joined together. For this form of nonlocality, a probably most fundamental question is upon what states it is prone to be manifested. To tackle this, we present in this work genuinely nonlocal sets with the smallest possible cardinality. We first show the existence of genuinely nonlocal sets of three pure states in arbitrary $N$-partite systems. As a by-product, this also provides examples of strongly nonlocal sets with dramatically smaller cardinality than previous studies for all possible systems, settling some related questions effortlessly. Then, for mixed hypothetical states, we show that genuinely nonlocal sets of two even exist, regardless of the number of copies available. In particular, it turns out for both our constructions that certain genuinely entangled states necessarily exist, nontrivially indicating their potential of raising difficulty in locally accessing multipartite quantum information.

Close

PrevNext

View figure in article

• Nonlocality
• Quantum correlations in quantum information