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Magnetic soliton molecules in binary condensates

R. M. V. Röhrs1, Chunlei Qu2,3, and R. N. Bisset1

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Phys. Rev. A 112, 053316 – Published 13 November, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/863l-45kn

Abstract

Two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in the miscible phase can support polarization solitary waves, known as magnetic solitons. By calculating the interaction potential between two magnetic solitons, we elucidate the mechanisms and conditions for the formation of bound states—or molecules—and support these predictions with dynamical simulations. We analytically determine the dissociation energy of bound states consisting of two oppositely polarized solitons and find good agreement with full numerical simulations. Collisions between bound states—either with other bound states or with individual solitons—produce intriguing dynamics. Notably, collisions between a pair of bound states exhibit a dipole-like behavior. We anticipate that such bound states, along with their rich collision dynamics, are within reach of current experimental capabilities.

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Phys. Rev. A 112, 053316– Published 13 November, 2025
  • Received 29 August 2025
  • Accepted 20 October 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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