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Short-time simulation of quantum dynamics by Pauli measurements

Paul K. Faehrmann1,2,*, Jens Eisert1,3,4, Mária Kieferová5, and Richard Kueng2

  • *Contact author: paul.faehrmann@fu-berlin.de
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Phys. Rev. A 112, 012602 – Published 1 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/6ggs-y392

Abstract

Simulating the dynamics of complex quantum systems is a central application of quantum devices. Here we propose leveraging the power of measurements to simulate short-time quantum dynamics of physically prepared quantum states in classical postprocessing using a truncated Taylor series approach. While limited to short simulation times, our hybrid quantum-classical method is equipped with rigorous error bounds. It is extendable to estimate low-order Taylor approximations of smooth time-dependent functions of tractable linear combinations of measurable operators. These insights can be made use of in the context of Hamiltonian learning and device verification, short-time imaginary-time evolution, or the application of intractable operations to subuniversal quantum simulators in classical postprocessing.

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Phys. Rev. A 112, 012602– Published 1 July, 2025
  • Received 27 January 2025
  • Accepted 12 June 2025
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