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Nonequilibrium quench dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates of microwave-shielded polar molecules

Abdelâali Boudjemâa*

  • Department of Physics, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics, and Laboratory of Mechanics and Energy, Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef, P.O. Box 78, 02000, Ouled-Fares, Chlef, Algeria

  • *Contact author: a.boudjemaa@univ-chlef.dz
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Phys. Rev. A 111, 063315 – Published 25 June, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/6b82-sb2j

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of homogeneous ultracold Bose gases of microwave-shielded polar molecules following a sudden quench of the scattering length at zero temperature. We calculate in particular the quantum depletion, the anomalous density, the condensate fluctuations, and the pair-correlation function using both the time-dependent Bogoliubov approach and the self-consistent time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approximation. During their time evolution, these quantities exhibit slow or fast oscillations depending on the strength of the shielding interactions. We find that at long timescales the molecular condensate is characterized by nonequilibrium steady-state momentum distribution functions, with depletion, anomalous density, and correlations that deviate from their corresponding equilibrium values. We demonstrate that the pair correlations expand diffusively at short times while they spread ballistically at long times.

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Phys. Rev. A 111, 063315– Published 25 June, 2025
  • Received 27 January 2025
  • Accepted 11 June 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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