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    Robust iswap gates for semiconductor spin qubits with local driving

    Qi-Pei Liu1 and Zheng-Yuan Xue1,2,3,*

    • 1Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, and School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
    • 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, and Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
    • 3Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China

    • *Contact author: zyxue83@163.com

    Phys. Rev. A 112, 042618 – Published 27 October, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/68m1-mjzy

    Abstract

    Scalable quantum computation demands high-fidelity two-qubit gates. However, decoherence and control errors are inevitable, which can decrease the quality of implemented quantum operations. We propose a robust iswap gate protocol for semiconductor spin qubits, which is a promising platform for scalable quantum computing. Our scheme uses only local microwave drives on conventional exchange-coupled spin qubits. This approach simultaneously addresses two critical challenges to semiconductor quantum computing: It suppresses low-frequency noise via continuous dynamical decoupling, and it circumvents the control difficulties associated with the ac modulation of the exchange interaction. We further develop a composite pulse sequence to remove drive-strength constraints and a dynamically corrected method to provide first-order immunity to microwave amplitude errors. Numerical simulations confirm that our scheme can achieve fidelity above the fault-tolerance threshold under current experimental conditions, offering a building block for practical quantum processors.

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