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  • Open Access

Hybrid analog teleportation-direct transmission in noisy bosonic channels

Uesli Alushi1,*, Simone Felicetti2,3,†, and Roberto Di Candia1,4,‡

  • *Contact author: uesli.alushi@aalto.fi
  • †Contact author: simone.felicetti@cnr.it
  • ‡Contact author: rob.dicandia@gmail.com
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Phys. Rev. A 113, 022452 – Published 26 February, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5jzq-tjpp

Abstract

Quantum teleportation uses a shared entangled resource, local operations, and a digitally error-corrected classical channel to transfer quantum states between distant parties. We introduce a hybrid teleportation-direct transmission protocol for state transfer that still exploits entanglement, but replaces classical communication and digital error correction with an analog feedforward through a noisy quantum channel. We show that quantum teleportation outperforms this protocol if the communication channel reduces the entanglement of all bipartite states having the same amount of entanglement as the resource; otherwise, the hybrid protocol is optimal. We apply our result to the state transfer of a uniformly distributed coherent-states codebook, highlighting experimentally relevant scenarios where our protocol is most effective. Our findings are directly relevant to both optical and superconducting microwave channels, where analog feedforward techniques have been recently implemented.

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Phys. Rev. A 113, 022452– Published 26 February, 2026
  • Received 20 February 2025
  • Accepted 22 January 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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