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    Entanglement between surface-plasmon-polariton modes and its application to long-distance quantum communication

    Jia-Xin Peng1, Baiqiang Zhu2, and Muhammad Asjad3,*

    • *Contact author: asjad_qau@yahoo.com

    Phys. Rev. A 112, 042606 – Published 6 October, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5dv2-jh25

    Abstract

    We propose a scheme for achieving quantum entanglement between surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) modes in a hybrid plasmonic-graphene waveguide system. We then demonstrate that the entanglement of two SPP modes can serve as a useful resource for quantum communication of continuous-variable light signals over a long distance, mediated by concatenated swap operations. The teleportation fidelity of an unknown coherent state has strong robustness to loss and imperfect detection at relatively strong effective optical-microwave coupling. Our study opens the way for continuous-variable quantum communication and quantum information based on hybrid plasmonic-graphene systems.

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    Corrections

    7 November, 2025

    Correction: Support information in the Acknowledgment was inaccurate and has been fixed.

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