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    Charging efficiency bursts in a quantum battery with cyclic indefinite causal order

    Po-Rong Lai1,2, Hsien-Chao Jan3, Jhen-Dong Lin1,2,4, and Yueh-Nan Chen1,2,5,*

    • *Contact author: yuehnan@mail.ncku.edu.tw

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 042624 – Published 28 October, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5b41-q9pv

    Abstract

    Enhancement of quantum battery performance is a popular subject in quantum thermodynamics. An interesting phenomenon is the quick charging effect [Phys. Rev. Res. 6, 023136 (2024)], which has been explored by utilizing a quantum interferometric technique known as superposition of trajectories. A similar technique used to boost quantum battery performance is indefinite causal order. Here, we propose a charging protocol that utilizes cyclic indefinite causal order, whereby N charging sequences are superposed when utilizing N chargers. We observe charging efficiency bursts when implementing our cyclic indefinite charging protocol. The duration of these bursts increases with N. Additionally, we present a circuit model to implement our charging protocol for the two-charger scenario and perform proof-of-concept demonstrations on IonQ, Quantinuum, and IBMQ quantum processors. The results validate the existence of charging efficiency bursts as shown by our theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.

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