Quantum gate benchmarking is inevitably affected by state preparation and measurement errors. Randomized benchmarking addresses this issue by employing group twirling to regularize the noise channel, enabling robust characterization against these errors through exponential fittings. In practice, local twirling gates are preferred due to their high fidelity and experimental accessibility. While existing randomized benchmarking methods based on local twirling gates are effective for Clifford gates, they encounter fundamental limitations when applied to non-Clifford gates. In this work, we overcome this challenge by introducing the Pauli-transfer-character benchmarking, a protocol that estimates elements of the Pauli transfer matrix using only local Pauli operations. Building on this protocol, we develop a fidelity benchmarking method for a class of non-Clifford gates $U$ satisfying $U^2=I$. We demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach through numerical simulations, using the Toffoli gate as an example.

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• Quantum algorithms & computation
• Quantum benchmarking
• Quantum circuits
• Quantum computation