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    Spatiotemporal polarization-to-topology mapping in a plasmonic skyrmion lattice

    Jintao Gong1, Lingxing Xiong2, Kaili Sun3, Chunhao Liang1, and Yangjian Cai1,*

    • 1Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation Physics and Applications and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250358, China
    • 2Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
    • 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore

    • *Contact author: yangjiancai@sdnu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 043512 – Published 9 October, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/3yvn-5dq4

    Abstract

    An incident polarization is often assumed to select one optical skyrmion charge. We show that this static assignment fails for a finite lossy plasmonic lattice, where spatially varying complex phases make the instantaneous field texture evolve over the carrier cycle. Two orthogonal full-wave responses establish a polarization-to-field map, from which circular excitation yields a finite-cell charge −1.12896≤Sf(ϕ)≤1.12896 with exact half-cycle antisymmetry. For this input, four isolated three-component electric-field zeros occur per half cycle and possess alternating Jacobian orientations (+1,−1,+1,−1). Varying the incident ellipticity displaces these zeros in both real space and carrier phase, producing polarization-controlled zero trajectories. The circular-input events survive grid refinement, while the connected trajectories are stable against the tested continuation and interpolation changes away from the near-linear endpoint. Additional zeros appear near linear polarization. Thus polarization selects a carrier-resolved topology trajectory organized by oriented field-zero events, rather than a single static integer.

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