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    Simultaneous nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockades via two degenerate optical parametric amplifiers in spinning resonators

    J. X. Yang1,*, Zi-Lin Zhao2,3,*, Ze Wang1, T. Z. Luan4, Shuang Xu5, Cheng Shang6,†, Yan-Hui Zhou7,‡, and H. Z. Shen1,§

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: cheng.shang@riken.jp
    • ‡Contact author: yanhuizhou@126.com
    • §Contact author: shenhz458@nenu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 023703 – Published 6 August, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/3brk-k1l9

    Abstract

    We present a scheme to realize simultaneous nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockades in a system of two coupled spinning resonators (modes a and b), each embedded with a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (DOPA). The rotation of the resonators induces opposite Sagnac-Fizeau shifts for input light from opposing directions, leading to the appearance or suppression of destructive quantum interference in two-photon excitation processes. When such interference occurs, photons from one input direction are simultaneously blocked in both resonators, whereas its absence lifts the blockade for the opposite direction. We analytically derive the optimal conditions for achieving strong photon antibunching in both modes under parametric amplification. The two-DOPA configuration offers two key advantages: (i) the optimization of simultaneous unconventional photon blockades in both resonators relies on four independent parameters (two strengths and two phases for two DOPAs), enabling greater control, and (ii) the system allows tunability in transition pathways to simultaneously access two-photon states in both resonators. By tuning the Sagnac-Fizeau shifts, we demonstrate that mode a exhibits a nonreciprocal photon blockade, while mode b maintains a blockade in both directions. Furthermore, we show the robustness of this nonreciprocal photon blockade against memory effects by deriving a non-Markovian master equation. This work provides a theoretical foundation for multimode nonreciprocal single-photon devices, with potential applications in quantum optics.

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