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    Three-dimensional squeezing of optically levitated nanospheres

    Giacomo Marocco1,*, David C. Moore2,†, and Daniel Carney1,‡

    • *Contact author: gmarocco@lbl.gov
    • †Contact author: david.c.moore@yale.edu
    • ‡Contact author: carney@lbl.gov

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 013504 – Published 6 July, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/38cw-9lv4

    Abstract

    We propose a protocol to measure three-dimensional impulses beyond the standard quantum limit. The protocol reduces noise in all three spatial dimensions and consists of squeezing a mechanical system's state via a series of jumps in the frequency of the harmonic potential. We quantify how decoherence in a realistic system of an optically levitated, dielectric nanoparticle limits the ultimate sensitivity. We predict that ∼10dB of squeezing is achievable with current technology, enabling quantum-enhanced detection of weak impulses.

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