Phase-controlled Ramsey interference of XUV photoelectrons
Phys. Rev. A 113, 053103 – Published 6 May, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2p7k-zr44
Abstract
We investigate phase-resolved Ramsey-type quantum interference in photoelectron momentum distributions generated by two time-delayed, linearly polarized extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) laser pulses. The electron dynamics is studied by solving the full-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation within the single-active-electron (SAE) approximation for neon. The coherent superposition of electron wave packets released by the two pulses gives rise to pronounced interference fringes in both energy-resolved spectra and angle-resolved momentum distributions. We demonstrate that the fringe positions are governed by a Ramsey phase accumulated during the interpulse delay, resulting in a linear dependence on the relative carrier-envelope phase and an inverse scaling of the fringe spacing with the delay time. By systematically varying the laser intensity, we establish that the observed modulations originate from temporal quantum interference rather than Autler-Townes splitting. A complementary short-range single-bound-state model confirms that the existence and spacing of the Ramsey fringes arise from continuum wave packet superposition. In the multi-bound-state SAE system, transient bound-bound coupling modifies the accumulated phase prior to ionization, imprinting a potential-dependent phase offset onto the interference pattern. The accumulated phase is further interpreted in terms of a dynamic Stark shift of the dressed bound states, which is quantitatively reproduced using a reduced two-level model.