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    Ionization energies for Rydberg He4 (1snpP1,3) states using the correlated B-spline basis function method

    Jing Chi1,2,*, Hao Fang1,*, Yong-Hui Zhang1, Li-Yan Tang1,†, and Ting-Yun Shi1,‡

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: lytang@apm.ac.cn
    • ‡Contact author: tyshi@wipm.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 042804 – Published 6 October, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2mj4-k8xt

    Abstract

    We extend the correlated B-spline basis function (C-BSBF) method to high-precision calculations of the ionization energies of helium Rydberg nP1,3 states (n=24–35). Using a unified basis set, we evaluate nonrelativistic energies, relativistic corrections of order mα4 (including finite-nuclear-mass recoil), QED contributions of order mα5, and partial mα6 terms (singlet-triplet mixing, one- and two-loop radiative corrections, and the logarithmic contribution). The remaining higher-order contributions are estimated via 1/n3 scaling. The resulting ionization energies achieve kilohertz-level accuracy and are in excellent agreement with independent Hylleraas calculations, thereby providing cross validation between two distinct theoretical approaches. From these data, the quantum-defect parameters are determined and used to extrapolate the ionization energies up to n=102. Combining our Rydberg ionization energies with high-precision experimental 2S→nP transition frequencies yields the ionization energies for the metastable 21S and 23S states as 960332040.532(10)stat(20)sys and 1152842742.7271(52)stat(25)sysMHz, respectively. The C-BSBF result for the 21S state is consistent with the experimental ionization energy obtained from Rydberg-series extrapolation, while for the 23S state the difference is 0.019(10) MHz.

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