We present simulations of attosecond photoelectron momentum distributions for the ${\mathrm{H}}_2^{+}$ molecule by numerically solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). We employ a semiclassical two-center interference model that incorporates the influence of the Coulomb potential on photoelectron phase modulation to interpret the calculated photoelectron angular distributions derived from TDSE simulations. Building on this model, we propose a methodology to reconstruct the molecular Coulomb potential using attosecond photoelectron momentum spectroscopy. The retrieved potential exhibits good consistency with the original input potential, thereby enabling direct imaging of the transient Coulomb potential during attosecond photoionization processes.

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• Electronic excitation & ionization
• Interatomic & molecular potentials
• Photoemission
• Single- and few-photon ionization & excitation